Exploring the Characteristics of High School Students Van Hiele Thinking Levels on Quadratic Functions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35706/radian.v5i1.13475Keywords:
Geometri thinking, Formal deduction, van hiele model, quadratic funcionsAbstract
Students' errors in understanding quadratic functions generally occur when connecting between representations. Consequently, mapping their thinking levels becomes crucial to assist teachers in optimizing instructional strategies. Therefore, this study aims to explore the characteristics of students' geometric thinking skills on quadratic functions by adapting the van Hiele model. This qualitative research involved 35 grade XI students at a high school in Jambi who had studied quadratic functions. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide and a 4 items test measuring geometric thinking skills from visualization to formal deduction. The results show that students' thinking skills develop from visual recognition toward abstraction of the relationships between coefficients and graph shapes, but have not reached formal deduction. At the visualization level, students classify graphs based on visual shapes. At the analysis level, they recognize the properties of quadratic functions based on coefficient values, including correlating the parabola's opening direction with minimum or maximum points. At the abstraction level, students conclude relationships between coefficient values and graph shapes. This research recommends designing quadratic function learning gradually from visual exploration toward relational abstraction before constructing formal deduction
Downloads
References
Agusta, E. S. (2023). Kemampuan Analisis Grafik Fungsi Kuadrat Terintegrasi Nilai-Nilai Keislaman. Jurnal kediklatan Balai Diklat Keagaaman Jakarta. 4, 84–95. https://doi.org/10.53800/wawasan.v4i1.224
Ainsworth, S. (2006). DeFT: A conceptual framework for considering learning with multiple representations. Learning and Instruction, 16(3). 183-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.03.001
Alghadari, f, Yuni, Y., & Wulandari, A. (2019). Conceptualization in solving a geometric-function problem : an effective and efficient process Conceptualization in solving a geometric-function problem : an effective and efficient process. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1315 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1315/1/012004
Alghadari, F., Arisha, B., Hidayah, N., & Dharma, B. E. (2025). Uncovering Gaps in Deductive Geometry Thinking : Rasch-Based Evidence from Students ’ Work on Quadratic Functions. Journal of Instructional Mathematics.6(2), 117–129. https://doi.org/10.37640/jim.v6i2.2510
Alghadari, F., Tama, B. J., & Kusuma, A. P. (2022). Completion for a Geometric-Function Problem : Process and Resources in Efficiency Consideration. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA. 12(148), 177–188. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v12i2.10365
Bambang, M. (2018). Tipe penelitian eksploratif komunikasi exploratory research in communication study. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi Dan Media, 22(1), 65–66. https://doi.org/10.31445/jskm.2018.220105
Dewi, E. A., Mulyati, R., & Sari, M. (2025). Analisis Konseptual dan Historis Geometri Euclid dalam Elemen : Relevansi dan Pengaruhnya pada Matematika Modern. RADIAN Journal : Research and Review. 4(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.35706/radian.v4i2.13172
Dreher, A., Wang, T. Y., Feltes, P., Hsieh, F. J., & Lindmeier, A. (2024). High-quality use of representations in the mathematics classroom – a matter of the cultural perspective? ZDM - Mathematics Education, 56(5), 965–980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-024-01597-5
Fauzi, I. S., & Prihatnani, E. (2020). Pemahaman Konsep Grafik Fungsi Kuadrat Siswa Kelas X SMA. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 82–103. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v4i1.162
Giyanti, G., & Oktaviyanthi, R. (2024). Graphing quadratics worksheet performance in optimizing mathematical visual thinking: A single subject research. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 13(2), 371-386. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v13i2.1470
Hutajulu, M., Perbowo, K. S., Alghadari, F., Minarti, E. D., & Hidayat, W. (2022). The Process Of Conceptualization In Solving Geometric-Function Problems. Infinty Journal. 11(1), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v11i1.p145-162
Khaerunnisa, A., & Adirakasiwi, A. G. (2023). Proses Berpikir Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Matematika Berdasarkan Teori Van Hiele. Didactical Mathematics, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.31949/dm.v5i2.6193
Mataheru, E. E., Ratumanan, T. G., & Ayal, C. S. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Peserta Didik Pada Materi Program Linear. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika (Jupitek), 4(2), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.30598/jupitekvol4iss2pp55-67
Muhassanah, N., Nuha, M. ‘Azmi, & Aspriyani, R. (2025). Teachers ’ Experiences with Students ’ Learning Obstacles in Geometric Thinking : Insights from the van Hiele Framework A . International journal of Reseacrh in Mathematics Education..3(2), 203–216. https://doi.org/10.24090/ijrme.v3i2.15429
Mukarromah, S., Munawaroh, H., & Septiadi, D. D. (2024). Kemampuan spasial siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal geometri berdasarkan level berpikir van hiele. Indo-mathedu Intellectuals journal.2, 1478–1495. https://doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v5i2.394
Murwanto, A., Qohar, A., & Sa’dijah, C. (2022). Pengembangan LKPD daring pendekatan guided discovery berbasis HOTS materi persamaan dan fungsi kuadrat. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(3), 391-402. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v11i3.730
Mutiarani, A., & Sofyan, D. (2022). Kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa pada materi persamaan dan fungsi kuadrat berdasarkan gender di desa sukamenak. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Matematika: PowerMathEdu, 1(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.31980/pme.v1i1.1359
Nalim, N., Rahmasari, S. M., Kusno, K., Alam, M. M., Afiani, L., & Ramadhina, M. Z. (2026). Students’ Computational Thinking Abilities in Geometry Problem Solving: The Role of Self-Efficacy. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 15(1), 123-134. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v15i1.3580
Ngilamele, A., Mataheru, W., & Ramadhani, W. P. (2025). Analisis Representasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Fungsi Kuadrat di Kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Kairatu Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika UNPATTI.. 6, 128–136. https://doi.org/10.30598/jpmunpatti.v6.i2.p128-136
Nursyahidah, F., Muhtarom, M., Albab, I. U., Rubowo, M. R., & Hadi, W. (2025). Hypothetical Learning Trajectory for Eighth Graders' Understanding of Pythagorean Theorem through Ethno-Realistic Mathematics Education Assisted by Video. Plusminus: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 5(3), 559-576. https://doi.org/10.31980/plusminus.v5i3.3394
Oktaviani, D., & Hartono, H. (2025). Guided Inquiry E-Modules for Quadratic Functions: Boosting Computational Thinking, Problem Solving, and Self-Efficacy. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 14(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v14i1.2044
Priyati, & Mampouw, H. L. (2018). Pemberian Scaffolding Untuk Siswa Yang Mengalami Kesalahan. JTAM: Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika, 2(1), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v2i1.293
Rahma, S. M., Syahmel, S, Nisa, K (2025). Peningkatan Kemampuan Visualisasi Matematis Melalui Pembelajaran Dinamis Berbasis Geogebra di Kelas XI.D SMA Negeri 2 Palu. Journal MARTANDU: Mathematics Research And Education Journal. 1(2), 62–72. https://ejournal.iainkendari.ac.id/index.php/martandu/article/view/13109
Rochim, A., Herawati, T., & Nurwiani, N. (2021). Deskripsi Pembelajaran Matematika Berbantuan Video Geogebra dan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa pada Materi Fungsi Kuadrat. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 10(2), 269-280. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v10i2.660
Saepuloh, A. R., Luritawaty, I. P., & Afriansyah, E. A. (2024). Assessing Mathematical Understanding in Fourth-Grade Students: A Focus on Multiplication and Division Skills. Plusminus: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(3), 409-422. https://doi.org/10.31980/plusminus.v4i3.2210
Seet, W., & Ishak, Y. (2017). Use of Multiple Representations in Teaching Quadratic Graphs. Grade 9. World Association of Lesson Studies 2017. 6(2). 172. https://www.walsnet.org/2017/program/program/pdf/pp-e6.pdf
Shmigirilova, I. B., Rvanova, A. S., Tadzhigitov, A. A., & Beloshistova, Y. S. (2025). Advancing future mathematics teachers’ geometric thinking through a Van file:///C:/Users/kahfi/Downloads/Functions.pdfHiele-based elementary geometry course. Journal on Mathematics Education, 16(3), 799–818. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.v16i3.pp799-818
Sholihah, S. Z., & Afriansyah, E. A. (2017). Analisis kesulitan siswa dalam proses pemecahan masalah geometri berdasarkan tahapan berpikir Van Hiele. Mosharafa, 6(2), 287-298. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v6i2.451
Shvarts, A., Bos, R., Doorman, M., & Drijvers, P. (2024). Reifying actions into artifacts: process–object duality from an embodied perspective on mathematics learning. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 117(2), 193–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-024-10310-y
Sugiyono, D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan Tindakan.Bandung: Alfabeta
Syaripah, S. (2024). Students' mathematical representation abilities in statistics. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Matematika: PowerMathEdu, 3(1), 73-90. https://doi.org/10.31980/pme.v3i1.1777
Usman, I. (2017). Geometric Error Analysis in Applied Calculus Problem Solving. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education. 5(2). 199-133. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1138174
Vojkuvkova, I. (2012). The van Hiele Model of Geometric Thinking. WDS’12 Proceedings of Contributed Papers, 1, 72–75. https://physics.mff.cuni.cz/wds/proc/pdf12/WDS12_112_m8_Vojkuvkova.pdf
Wibawa, F. S., Nurhikmayati, I., & Kania, N. (2024). Cultural Perspectives in Geometry: Designing Ethnomathematics-Inspired Educational Tools for Geometric Thinking. Plusminus: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(3), 453-470. https://doi.org/10.31980/plusminus.v4i3.2276
Wilkie, K. J. (2024). Coordinating visual and algebraic reasoning with quadratic functions. In Mathematics Education Research Journal 36(3). 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-022-00426-w
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Azhabul Kahfi, Fiki Alghadari, Bella Arisha

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






